Lasers have been widely used for tattoo removal, but the limited light penetration depth caused by high skin scattering property restricts the therapeutic outcome of deep tattoo.Skin optical clearing method, by introducing optical clearing agent (OCA) into skin, has shown some improvement in the effect of laser tattoo removal.In this study, the enh

Integration of multiple diversified functionalities into an ultracompact platform is crucial for the development of on-chip photonic devices.Recently, a promising all-dielectric two-dimensional platform based on Bloch surface waves (BSWs) sustained by dielectric multilayer has been proposed to enable various functionalities and provide novel approa

Suicide attempts are more common than suicide completions and occur more frequently in women than in men.Patients who survive a suicide attempt are at an increased risk of suicide completion.The most common method of non-lethal suicide attempt is deliberate self-poisoning.Suicidal individuals often have psychiatric comorbidities, most frequently me

Introduction: Porcelain gallbladder (PGB) is Body Butters a gallbladder with calcium encrusted on its inner wall.PGB is rare in the pediatric population with only four cases reported in the literature.We present a patient who is the youngest reported case of porcelain gallbladder.Case presentation: A 4-year-old full-term male with a history of chro

There is an ever-growing need for optimizing efficient nano and quantum communication systems and this demand calls for more advanced optimization techniques than those that have been around for quite some time.The conventional genetic algorithms (GAs) proved to be quite helpful in general but proved to be poor when it comes to fast convergence and